Toxicant Exposure in Cigarette Reducers versus Light Smokers
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Toxicant exposure in cigarette reducers versus light smokers.
BACKGROUND The extent of exposure to tobacco toxicants in smokers who have reduced their cigarette intake compared with smokers who are light smokers is relatively unknown. The goal of this study is to investigate the occurrence of compensatory smoking in reducers compared with light smokers by measuring toxicant exposure. METHODS Participants in two smoking reduction intervention studies (N ...
متن کاملEvaluation of toxicant and carcinogen metabolites in the urine of e-cigarette users versus cigarette smokers.
INTRODUCTION Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are rapidly increasing in popularity but little information is available on their potential toxic or carcinogenic effects. METHODS Twenty-eight e-cigarette smokers who had not smoked tobacco cigarettes for at least 2 months provided urine samples which were analyzed by validated methods for a suite of toxicant and carcinogen metabolites includ...
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BACKGROUND Waterpipe (hookah, shisha) tobacco smoking has spread worldwide. Many waterpipe smokers believe that, relative to cigarettes, waterpipes are associated with lower smoke toxicant levels and fewer health risks. For physicians to address these beliefs credibly, waterpipe use and cigarette smoking must be compared directly. PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to provide the first cont...
متن کاملHeavy smokers', light smokers', and nonsmokers' beliefs about cigarette smoking.
Cognitive variables relating to both the healthand non-health-related consequences of smoking among 178 heavy, light, and nonsmoking college women were examined. Using Ajzen and Fishbein's (1980) theory of reasoned action, salient behavioral beliefs about the positive and negative outcomes of smoking, evaluations of these outcomes, salient normative beliefs about the prescriptions of important ...
متن کاملDifferent effect of green tea consumption on salivary antioxidant status in light versus heavy smokers
Objectives Oxidative stress consequent to cigarette smoking may alter the salivary antioxidant defense system and lead to oral cancer. Green tea, with antioxidant properties, interacts with saliva upon entering the mouth. This experimental study explored the preventive effect of green tea on cigarette smoke-induced oxidative damage over 3 weeks. Methods In this clinical trial study sixty volun...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention
سال: 2006
ISSN: 1055-9965,1538-7755
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-06-0240